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無用   『老子』　第１１章  三十輻共一轂、当其無有車之有、 埏埴以為器、当其無有器之有、 鑿戸牖以為室、当其無有室之用、 故有之以為利、無之以為用、    Four Readymades,  lithograph 1964

Laotzu, Chapter 11     ⇒  Japanese THE FUNCTION OF THE NON-EXISTENT.   Thirty spokes unite in one nave and on that which is non-existent [on the hole in the nave] depends the wheel's utility. Clay is moulded into vessel and on that which is non-existent [on its hollowness] depends the vessel's utility. By cutting out doors and windows we build a house and on that which is non-existent [on the empty space within] depends the house's utility. Therefore, existence renders actual but non-existence renders useful.   The CANON of REASON and VIRTUE, translated by Paul Carus and D.T. Suzuki(1913)   Carus made this translation in 1898 (with the help of his then undistinguished young assistant, Daisetu Teitaro Suzuki) and revised it in 1903 and 1913.   ⇒  Marcel Duchamp, Bicycle Wheel, 1913 ⇒  Marcel Duchamp, Bottle Dryer, 1914 ⇒  Marcel Duchamp, In Advanced of the Broken Arm, 1915 ⇒  Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917 ⇒  Takeshi YOSHIZUMI, The secret of Marcel Duchamp's works, 2004